Increasing resource consumption to sustain India’s robust economic growth has meant an increase in the extraction of primary raw materials by about 420% between 1970 and 2010, dominated by the extraction of abiotic materials (minerals and metals). India’s material demand in 2010 was the 3rd largest in the world, after that of China and the United States, with a consumption of about 7.2% of globally extracted raw materials in that year. A study from UNEP in 2016 indicates that consumption rates in India in 2015 may have already overtaken those of the USA. If current trends continue, India’s material requirements are projected to be 15 billion tonnes by 2030 and 25 billion tonnes by 2050, with fossil fuels, metals and minerals accounting for the biggest increases.